2016/09/07 - 2016/09/12

Ancient Greece

Brainstorm

• Democracy
• Mythology
• φ (philosophy)
  • ex. Socrates, Aristotle, Plato
• Economy-trade
• Olympic games
• Athens
• city states
• War/conquest
• job specialization
• religion
• Art
  • sculpture
  • Theater
• Architecture

Ancient Greek governments

• Monarchy
  • king inheritance
• Oligarchy
  • rich people rule
• Tyranny
  • power taken by force
  • ≠ bad; benevolent tyrants exist: those who take over the oligarchical government
• Democracy

Chronology

• Mycenaean Age
  • 1600 - 1100 BC
  • Kingdom of Mycenae
  • known through myths
• Dark Ages
  • 1100 - 750 BC
  • writing disappears:
    • civil strikes?
    • Dorian invasion?
• Archaic Period
  • 750 - 500 B.C.
• Classical period (the Golden Age)
  • economical, Cultural, political height
  • Greco-Persian Wars
    • 490 - 479 BC
  • Birth of Herodotus (484 - 420 BC)
    • 484 BC
  • Delian League
    • 477 BC
  • Peloponnesian War
    • 431 - 404 BC
• Sparta
  • warriors
  • strong disciplines
  • Oligarchy (failed to proceed to Democracy)

The Ancient Greeks: Crucible of Civilization (History Documentation)

Aspects of Ancient Greek covered in the video:

• Art/Architecture (culture)
• Greco-persian war (war)
• Pericles impact/Athens
  Rise of Athens
• Democracy (government)
• Downfall of Athens
• Religion
• TRADES (economy)
• (INTELEECTUAL)

Democracy in Ancient Greek

• open
  • government of citizens for citizens
  • ostracism
    • vote to exile a person considered to be in possession of too much power (voted by the assembly)
  • open; really?
• structure
  • Assembly- Ecclesia
    • 30,000 - 40,000 citizens (~10% of population)
    • all citizens could attend the assembly; around 5000 attend each assembly
      • citizens: male, without debt, both parents being Athenian
        
      • (only one was required before Pericles)
      • others (i.e. women, baby, slaves, foreigners) excluded
  • Bouletal (the council of the five hundred)
    • a paid job
    • 500 randomly picked citizens
    • who prepared the laws (for the assembly to vote to pass) and made sure the laws were followed through
  • Military strategics
    • 10 generals

Essay topic:

Discuss: "5th century BC, a time and place of extraordinary cultural and intellectual fertility."

Structure

1. Intellectual achievement
   1. Emergence of critical thinking
      • Herodotus: father of history
      • Socrates / Plato / Aristotle
   2. Development of scientific methods
      • Hippocrates
      • Pythagoras
   3. Development of new forms of government
      • emergence of democracy
      • development of rhetoric & sophism
2. Arts / culture
   1. Architecture
      • Parthenon
      • Temple of Athena Nike
   2. Greek pottery
      • Amphoras
      • Red figure painting
   3. Drama
      • Sophocles